What rare treasures are there in Yuanmingyuan? Intersection Intersection

Yuanmingyuan not only has magnificent architecture, but also collects particularly precious historical relics. From the bronze ritual in the pre -Qin era, to the Tang Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming and Qing dynasties, the celebrities and calligraphy, and various treasures. There are golden halls in the Yuanming Garden, and there are also exquisite pavilions and pavilions; there are "buying and selling streets" symbolizing the lively market, as well as the rural villages that symbolize the rural scenery. There are also scenery built by ancient poets, such as Penglai Yaotai and Wuling Chun. After experiencing Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing, it was about 2,300 years. Think about how many celebrities and paintings and strange treasures. Beijing Poly Group bought back the tiger, cow heads, and monkey heads with nearly HK $ 40 million, so that they returned to the arms of the motherland. I learned that there are many small gardens in Yuanmingyuan. In the pool in front of the Hai Yantang door, there are 12 bronze statues of zodiac. The Yuanmingyuan is composed of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden, and near -spring garden in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing. There are many small gardens, surrounded by the stars around the Yuanmingyuan. The area of ​​Yuanmingyuan is equivalent to more than 10,000 venues. Zhengda Guangming, Tiangu paintings, upper and lower sky, Xinghua Chun Pavilion, Fantasia, Changchun Xianyuan, Wanfangan He, Wuling Chun color, mountain high and long water, moon and earth Yunju, Huifang Academy, Yingshui Lanxiang, Beiyuan Mountain, Beiyuan Mountain , Xifeng Xiucai, Siyi Book House, Pinghu Qiuyue, Penglai Terrace, Different Caves, Sitting Stones, and Quyuan Fenghe. Loss of the sea in the cultural relics.
It today in the Yuanmingyuan Site Park, people can only see the semi -waste landscape and broken walls. It is difficult to imagine the reputation of "Wanyuan Garden" here. There are hundreds of famous scenic groups in the Yuanmingyuan of Shengshi. The several generations of the Qing Dynasty have carefully operated this royal garden in Western architectural style in more than 150 years. The place where emperors are traveling can not be surpassed. "But now, people can only use their imagination to speculate the style of Yuanmingyuan more than a hundred years ago.
How is the cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan? This issue has divergent opinions so far.
If infected by Mr. Yang, the number of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan will not be less than 1.5 million. From the historical materials of the Qing Dynasty archives, the research articles of the Palace Museum, and the "Social File of the Summer Palace", he collected a lot of evidence:
Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng Emperor, the time to live in Yuanmingyuan each year For more than half a year. Taking Emperor Qianlong as an example, according to the dresses of the Qing Internal Affairs Mansion, the 21st year of Qianlong, a total of 393 days a year (because of the leap month), Qianlong went to the Rehee Summer Villa and Mulan Pymalisa for 66 days, and went to Qufu for 54 days. Inner (Forbidden City) 105 days, live in Yuanmingyuan for 168 days. Twenty -four years of Daoguang, 347 days throughout the year, Emperor Daoguang lived in Yuanmingyuan for 274 days, and lived in the palace for only 73 days. Therefore, the furnishings in the Yuanming Park should not be inferior to the Forbidden City.
The Yuanming Garden Garden building reached 200,000 square meters, more than 40,000 square meters more than the entire building area of ​​the Forbidden City. Except for the area of ​​pavilion that will not have any furnishings, the construction area of ​​the park, sacrifice, reading, amusement, storage warehouses, etc. is about 190,000 square meters. If the number of cultural relics in general furnishings and warehouses is stored in general furnishings and warehouses, it should also be no less than the number of cultural relics in the Forbidden City. According to the calculation, the real estate relics of the Forbidden City should be at least about 1.5 million when Pu Yi abdicated.
Themids in the Daoguang Nian Internal Affairs Mansion, in detail the fifteen years of Ming Dao Guang to check in the palace and the Yuanming gardens storage. ; 1621 of Ruyi, including 1,194 palaces, and 450 models of Yuanming Garden; 501 such as jade and pen washing, including 142 palace memory, 337 in Yuanmingyuan; Among them, there are 337 palace memory, and 291 storage of Yuanming Garden ... The collection of Yuanmingyuan can be seen slightly.
This Overseas Yuanmingyuan Qizhen knows how much
In 1860, the British and French coalition forces snatched most of the cultural relics when they were destroyed.
In the memories of the British French Invasion Army, which participated in the robbery of the Yuanmingyuan that year: In order to auction the treasures robbed from the Yuanmingyuan, they "arranged the exhibition in the hall of the Lama Temple" He green jade, antique enamel porcelain bottle, bronze utensils, gold and silver Buddha statues; fur products are also particularly exquisite, many of them are very precious, including sable, otters, sable, lambskin, etc. It is the service of two or three emperors. The British commander Grant gave his "deserved" part of the soldiers, "the officers presented him with a red gold jug that was carved with patterns, which was the most exquisite thing in the stolen products." The Queen of England also got a copy of the two beautiful large enamel bottles.
The commander of the French Army, Mencopo, was handed over to Grant to the Queen of the United Kingdom, and the other was dedicated to the French King Napoleon III. After returning to China, Mencopo dedicated to Napoleon III: two general decorative sticks, made of gold, inlaid with large gems in the middle and ends, and the workmanship is extremely fine; The French Jimei Military Museum is exhibited), with a battle helmet; the bronze pagoda of gilt and glaze; several idols made of gold and glaze; many rings, collars, wine glasses, lacquer wares, porcelain, and thousands of rare play objects Essence
Over time, the plundered Yuanmingyuan cultural relics were dispersed around the world through various auctions and other clubs. But most of them are preserved in Britain and France.
The Oriental Art Museum of the British Museum preserved more than 20,000 rare treasures in China. The British army dedicated part of the cultural relics they was robbed to the Queen Victoria at the time. This part of the dedication of the cultural relics and the auctioned Yuanmingyuan cultural relics were all put into the Oriental Art Museum. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gu Kaizhi's "Female History Phase" was a rare treasure in the ancient scroll paintings of my country. In 1860, he was taken away by the British French forces from Yuanmingyuan; After being stolen from Yuanmingyuan, and after being copied, Yuma was re -put back to Yuanmingyuan, and eventually did not escape the fate of being looted.
The Chinese museum in the Paris Bai Lu Palace in Paris, France, was built by Queen Ouyei of Napoleon III. After the British -French coalition forces destroyed the Yuanmingyuan in 1860, the commander of the French Army Mencius, the "warriper" robbed from Yuanmingyuan was dedicated to the Queen of Napoleon III and Euei. Queen Ouyini built the Chinese museum and collected these cultural relics.
The most prominent position in the Chinese museum is a huge pagoda, 2 meters high, bronze and gold, and the whole layer is inlaid with emerald. The left and right of the tower are a target tooth and a pair of bronze carved dragons, just like the bronze dragon -shaped system in front of the emperor's throne in the Forbidden City, the Summer Villa, etc., indicating that this pair of bronze dragons should be the place in front of the throne of the emperor of the Yuanming Garden of the Yuanmingyuan Garden. Things. A pair of golden tanks and a golden ta (Tibetan Buddhist temple fabric), the golden tanks were shining in Ruyi patterns, and King Manza was inlaid with pearls, turquoise and ruby, which showed how luxurious the arrangement was in the Yuanmingyuan at that time. There is a bunch of big rosary in the glass table and cabinet. There are 154 beads, which is different from the beads of 108 beads. Dedicated to Queen Ouyini, he did not expect that Queen Ouyini was not satisfied, because she had already heard that the officers of the expedition to China all returned. She complained that Mencopo only brought her a gift, so Menzo also sent her three car treasures, and a total of seven cars were sent before and after, including various bronze, jade, porcelain, lacquerware, gold, gold, and gold from the Yuanmingyuan Silver products, Jingtai Lan ...
The Metropolitan Art Museum in New York, USA, has a handle of Kangxi jade carved with precious white jade. In this big word, the lower inscription is: "Respect for repeated years, the world is salty. Wu Jinggong enters." The exhibit description shows that this exquisite jade Ruyi was bought at the Paris auction after being robbed by the British French forces .........

There are extremely rich books and cultural relics in the Yuanming Garden. Wenyuan Pavilion is a library built by the Ningbo Fan Tianyi Pavilion. It is one of the famous Royal North Four Pavilion. It was built in the forty years of Qianlong. In the pavilion, Qianlong Qin's "Siku Quanshu" and Kangxi's "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books" were collected. "Siku Quanshu" is the largest comprehensive book in ancient my country. It received more than 34O0 books, with nearly 80,000 volumes and more than 36,000 volumes. It reflects the ancient civilization of our country and shows the great spirit of the Chinese nation. Because of the vast articles of "The Book", those who selected it at the time were compiled and compiled into "Siku Quanshu Essentials", with 12,000 volumes. "Hui" copied two pieces, one was stored in the Palace Palace, and the other was collected in the "Tongxian Study Room" of the East Chamber of Changchun Garden. In addition, there is a well-known Wenxuan-Chun Huaxuan, which is specially built for the collection of the famous French post "Chunhua Pavilion Post". The "Pavilion" was originally engraved with the three years of Junhua (992) in Beining, including Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, and even Cangjie, Xia Yu, and Confucius. Ten volumes of posts are the first large -scale posts in our country, and they are known as the ancestors of the posts. During the Qianlong period, according to the "Early Expansion of the Northern Song Dynasty" in the "Pavilion Post", after the fine trial was determined, the hook carved stone was carried out. After three years, until the spring of the thirty -seventh year of Qianlong (1772), the 144 posts engraved were embedded in the left and right corridors in front of Chunhuaxuan. This is the famous "Qianjun Chunhua Pavilion Post". Needless to say, when the Yuanming Park was destroyed, the "Siku Quanshu", "All Books", "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books", and "Chunhua Pavilion Posts" in the garden were not spared. This can reflect the burning of the imperialist invaders of the imperialist aggressive garden and the huge damage caused by human culture.
In British -French officers, pastors, and reporters who have participated in the plunder scenes participating: officers and soldiers, British and French, in order to capture the treasures, pouring from all directions into the Yuanmingyuan, Zongqian wants to take it, and give it to win. His hands are chaotic and diverse. In order to grab the treasure, they beat each other, and even had fighting. Because there are too many treasures in the garden, they do n’t know what to take for a while. Some of them have moved away in the Jingtailan porcelain bottle, some are greedy for embroidery, some choose high -end leather coats, and some to take the bells inlaid with pearl jade. Some carry big pockets, filled with various treasures. Some of them are put into gold bars and gold leaves in a wide coat pocket; some are woven brocade satin; some hats are covered with red orchid gemstones, pearls and crystal stones; some of the emerald collar hangs on the neck. There is a high -end satin with mountains in the compartment. It is said that half of the residents of Beijing residents were transported away by the soldiers. -In a British officer, a golden Buddha statue is plundered from a temple with a 5O0 statue, which can be worth 1,200 pounds. A French officer robbed the property worth 600,000 francs. The treasures of the French commander Menzo's son, the treasures of the French Army, can be worth 300,000 fastes, filled with several carriages. A second -class British army named Herisi, once, stole two gold pagodas from the garden (both three floors, 7 feet high, 6.4 feet high) and other treasures. The famous husband moved back to the barracks for him. The man was rich in the Yuanming Garden and enjoyed life, and won the nickname of "China James". In addition to the looting of the aggressors, there are countless things they have stepped on. Several houses were full of satin clothing, and the clothes were dragged out of the box and threw them. People walked into the house and almost covered their knees. The engineers smashed all the furniture with a large ax and removed the gems above. Some people broke the mirror, and others fired fiercely at the big candlestick to make fun. Most French soldiers can be mashed all the things that cannot be taken away. When the French army temporarily evacuated the Yuanmingyuan on October 9, this beautiful garden has been destroyed with lupus.